What is Monoammonium Phosphate?

Monoammonium phosphate (MAP) is an inorganic salt composed of ammonium and phosphate ions. It is available in powder, crystal, and liquid forms.

• Acts as a fire retardant by reducing the combustion temperature of materials.
• Decomposes at approximately 155°C, releasing toxic gases such as ammonia, nitrogen oxides, and phosphorus oxides.
• Chemically unstable; composed of long-chain molecules that contribute to its stability.
• Water-soluble.

Chemical Formula: NH₄H₂PO₄

Structure: (Illustration placeholder for molecular structure)

Fertilizer Quality and Effects

MAP improves plant growth, uniform flowering, frost resistance, and fruit yield. Its nitrogen content enhances phosphorus uptake, and its buffering capacity helps maintain soil pH.

Factors Affecting MAP Price

Price depends on:

• Product volume
• Purity percentage
• Currency rates
• Manufacturer

Physical Properties and Advantages

• White granular particles, water-soluble
• Efficient source of phosphorus
• Enhances natural phosphorus uptake in soil due to ammonium content, lowering root-zone pH for improved phosphorus availability

Applications of Monoammonium Phosphate

1. Agriculture

• Primary use as a fertilizer to supply phosphorus and nitrogen
• Powder form for water-soluble application
• Granular form for soil mixing
• Liquid form available from some suppliers

2. Food and Beverage Industry

• Used as a processing agent in yeast and sugar refining

3. Animal Feed

• Provides NH₄⁺ and H₂PO₄⁻ ions that support protein synthesis and metabolic processes in animals

4. Optical Industry

• Crystals used for their unique optical properties

5. Fire Extinguishing Capsules

• Acts as a fire retardant in firefighting applications

6. Toy Kits

• Utilized in certain types of chemical kits for educational or recreational purposes

Production of MAP

Industrial MAP is produced via an exothermic reaction of phosphoric acid with ammonia in the correct ratio:

Major MAP Producers

• China, Iran, France, Morocco, Italy, etc.

Storage Guidelines

• Store in covered warehouses with dry and cool conditions
• Packaged in 25–500 kg bags for distribution

Application Timing

For field crops (wheat, barley, corn, tomato, potato):

• Apply before or during sowing, transplanting, early germination, or early vegetative growth

For fruit trees (citrus, apple, pear, peach, nectarine):

• Late winter to early spring before bud break
• After initial fruit set for additional nutrient supply
• At planting or transplanting for root growth and establishment

Safety and Health Considerations

• Can irritate skin and eyes upon contact
• Decomposes into ammonia and phosphoric acid, which are corrosive and toxic
• Long-term exposure may cause ammonia poisoning
• Inhalation can lead to respiratory irritation, throat dryness, and coughing
• Accidental ingestion may cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting

Advantages of MAP Fertilizer

1. Increases uptake of micronutrients
2. Expands root development in young plants
3. Supplies high phosphorus demand during early growth stages

MAP vs. DAP

Packaging

• Standard: 25 kg bags
• Bulk: 1000 kg bags for large orders

Where to Buy MAP

• Reliable trading and importing companies, such as Petro Alton Tajhiz, supply high-quality MAP.