{"id":1283,"date":"2025-11-24T14:21:03","date_gmt":"2025-11-24T10:51:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/?post_type=product&#038;p=1283"},"modified":"2025-11-24T14:22:12","modified_gmt":"2025-11-24T10:52:12","slug":"citric-acid","status":"publish","type":"product","link":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/product\/citric-acid\/","title":{"rendered":"Citric Acid"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>What is Citric Acid?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Citric Acid<\/strong> is a weak organic acid naturally found in citrus fruits\u2014especially lemons and oranges\u2014responsible for their sour taste.<br \/>\nIts chemical formula is <strong>C\u2086H\u2088O\u2087<\/strong>.<br \/>\nIt is widely used as a <strong>food additive, cleaning agent, preservative, and nutritional\/pharmaceutical supplement<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Other Names:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Citric Acid is also known as <strong>Lemon Acid<\/strong>, <strong>Sour Salt<\/strong>, <strong>Lemon Juice Crystals<\/strong>, or by its <strong>IUPAC name: 2-Hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Types of Citric Acid Available:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Anhydrous Citric Acid<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Monohydrate Citric Acid<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Difference Between Anhydrous and Monohydrate Citric Acid:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The main difference lies in water content and crystallization method:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Monohydrate Citric Acid:<\/strong> Contains one molecule of water (H\u2082O) per citric acid molecule. Produced by crystallization in <strong>warm water<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<strong>Formula:<\/strong> C\u2086H\u2088O\u2087\u00b7H\u2082O<\/li>\n<li><strong>Anhydrous Citric Acid:<\/strong> Contains <strong>no water molecules<\/strong>. Produced by crystallization in <strong>cold water<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<strong>Formula:<\/strong> C\u2086H\u2088O\u2087<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Applications of Citric Acid (Food &amp; Industrial Grades):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Citric Acid is a <strong>natural flavoring agent, preservative, antioxidant<\/strong>, and <strong>pH regulator<\/strong> used across multiple industries.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Food Industry:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Used as a <strong>flavor enhancer and preservative<\/strong> in beverages, soft drinks, candies, and ice creams.<\/li>\n<li>Acts as an <strong>emulsifier<\/strong> in some dairy products such as ice cream.<\/li>\n<li>Gives the distinct tangy flavor to many processed foods.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Cosmetics and Personal Care:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Used as a <strong>pH adjuster<\/strong> and <strong>exfoliating agent<\/strong> in skincare and cosmetic formulations.<\/li>\n<li>Helps remove dead skin cells and brighten complexion.<\/li>\n<li>Present in products that <strong>reduce wrinkles, acne, and skin discoloration<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Found in <strong>peeling masks, creams, and shampoos<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> Pharmaceutical Applications:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Used as a <strong>preservative<\/strong> for blood storage, a <strong>buffering agent<\/strong>, and an <strong>antioxidant<\/strong> in medicines.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> Detergents, Cleaners, and Disinfectants:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Acts as a <strong>chelating agent<\/strong> (binds metal ions) and <strong>water softener<\/strong> in detergents.<\/li>\n<li>Helps <strong>reduce hardness of water<\/strong>, improves foam, and enhances cleaning efficiency.<\/li>\n<li>Used in <strong>hand and body washes, household cleaners, and industrial cleaning products<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> Water Treatment:<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Used to <strong>remove lime and scale deposits<\/strong> from boilers and evaporators.<\/li>\n<li>Acts as a <strong>natural chelating agent<\/strong> to break down trace metals in water.<\/li>\n<li>Ideal for <strong>softening hard water<\/strong> in an eco-friendly manner.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Comparison: Citric Acid vs. Ascorbic Acid<\/strong><\/p>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Property<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Citric Acid<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Chemical Formula<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>C\u2086H\u2088O\u2086<\/td>\n<td>C\u2086H\u2088O\u2087<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Definition<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>A weak naturally occurring organic acid<\/td>\n<td>A weak tribasic organic acid<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Vitamin Role<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Essential Vitamin C<\/td>\n<td>Not a vitamin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Natural Sources<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>Green vegetables, amla, bananas, oranges<\/td>\n<td>Lemons, limes, grapefruits, oranges<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>Production Methods of Citric Acid:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> Extraction from Citrus Fruits (Traditional Method):<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>Obtained from lemons, oranges, grapefruits, and sour oranges via <strong>pressing, filtration, and crystallization<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Advantages:<\/strong> 100% natural, small-scale use.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Disadvantages:<\/strong> Low yield, seasonal dependency, and high cost\u2014not suitable for industrial production.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> Microbial Fermentation (Modern Industrial Method):<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li>The <strong>most common industrial process<\/strong> today.<\/li>\n<li>Uses fungi such as <strong>Aspergillus niger<\/strong> to ferment <strong>sugar-based substrates<\/strong> (e.g., molasses, starch, corn, or agricultural waste).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Process Overview:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Substrate Preparation:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>A sugar-rich medium (molasses, starch hydrolysate, etc.) is prepared and purified.<\/li>\n<li>pH and nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium) are optimized.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Inoculum Preparation:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Aspergillus niger spores are cultured in small sterile media to create an <strong>active starter culture<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fermentation:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Conducted in <strong>bioreactors<\/strong> under controlled conditions (28\u201330 \u00b0C, pH \u2248 2\u20133).<\/li>\n<li>Requires <strong>aeration<\/strong> and <strong>agitation<\/strong> for oxygen supply.<\/li>\n<li>Duration: 5\u201310 days.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Separation &amp; Purification:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>Biomass removed via <strong>filtration or centrifugation<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Citric acid is precipitated as <strong>calcium citrate<\/strong> by adding lime (Ca(OH)\u2082).<\/li>\n<li>Then treated with <strong>sulfuric acid<\/strong> to release pure citric acid and form calcium sulfate (gypsum) as a byproduct.<\/li>\n<li>The solution is filtered, decolorized, and <strong>crystallized<\/strong> into pure white citric acid crystals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Fun Fact:<\/strong><br \/>\nThe fermentation pathway mirrors the <strong>Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)<\/strong> \u2014 the same biological process used in cellular respiration!<\/p>\n<p><strong>Health Risks and Side Effects:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Although <strong>citric acid is Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS)<\/strong>, overuse or allergic sensitivity may cause:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Allergic reactions<\/strong> (especially in those sensitive to molds like <em>Aspergillus niger<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Respiratory irritation<\/strong> or <strong>skin sensitivity<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Gastrointestinal issues<\/strong> if consumed excessively<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enamel erosion<\/strong> and <strong>tooth decay<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Risk of kidney stones<\/strong> in predisposed individuals<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Main Producers of Citric Acid:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Iranian:<\/strong> Jovein<\/li>\n<li><strong>Imported Brands:<\/strong> TTCI, Lemon, Insain<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Factors Affecting Citric Acid Price:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Raw Material Costs:<\/strong> Sugar sources (molasses, corn, starch) and nutrients.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Production &amp; Energy Costs:<\/strong> Electricity, water, and equipment maintenance.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Supply and Demand:<\/strong> Higher demand in food\/beverage seasons raises prices.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Exchange Rate:<\/strong> Affects imported raw materials and product pricing.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Transportation and Logistics:<\/strong> Shipping and fuel costs.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Product Quality &amp; Grade:<\/strong> Food and pharmaceutical grades are more expensive.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Geopolitical and Trade Factors:<\/strong> Sanctions, tariffs, and import policies.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Market Competition:<\/strong> More suppliers usually mean more competitive prices.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Domestic Production and Sales (Iranian Citric Acid):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Iranian Citric Acid is highly regarded for:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>High purity and long shelf life<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Low toxicity compared to other acidulants<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Wide use in food, beverages, cosmetics, adhesives, coatings, plastics, inks, and polymers<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong>Stable composition for up to five years in unopened containers<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Where to Buy Citric Acid (Anhydrous &amp; Monohydrate):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>You can purchase <strong>high-quality Citric Acid<\/strong> from reputable chemical suppliers such as <strong>PetroAlton<\/strong>, offering competitive prices and bulk delivery options.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fruits Rich in Citric Acid:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Citrus fruits such as <strong>lemons, oranges, and grapefruits<\/strong> contain the highest concentrations of citric acid, giving them their characteristic sour taste.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Is Citric Acid the Same as Vitamin C?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No \u2014 <strong>Vitamin C<\/strong> is <strong>Ascorbic Acid (C\u2086H\u2088O\u2086)<\/strong>, a different compound with distinct biological functions.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Technical Specifications of Citric Acid:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Product Name:<\/strong> Citric Acid<\/li>\n<li><strong>Molecular Weight (g\/mol):<\/strong> 192.124 (Anhydrous) \u2013 210.14 (Monohydrate)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Purity:<\/strong> 98\u201399%<\/li>\n<li><strong>Solubility:<\/strong> Soluble in water, acetone, alcohol, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide, and ether<\/li>\n<li><strong>Density:<\/strong> 1.665 g\/cm\u00b3 (Anhydrous), 1.542 g\/cm\u00b3 (Monohydrate)<\/li>\n<li><strong>Melting Point:<\/strong> 153 \u00b0C<\/li>\n<li><strong>Boiling Point:<\/strong> 310 \u00b0C<\/li>\n<li><strong>Appearance:<\/strong> White crystalline powder<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Purchase and Sale of Anhydrous and Monohydrate Citric Acid (Chinese &amp; Iranian):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>PetroAlton Tajhiz Company<\/strong>, one of the leading suppliers of detergent raw materials in Iran, offers <strong>Citric Acid<\/strong> (both anhydrous and monohydrate) with the highest quality and in bulk quantities.<br \/>\nFor <strong>purchase, pricing information<\/strong>, and to <strong>receive the latest datasheet<\/strong>, contact our specialists at <strong>021-59236<\/strong>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":1282,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":[],"product_brand":[],"product_cat":[70],"product_tag":[],"class_list":["post-1283","product","type-product","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","product_cat-detergent-chemicals","first","instock","shipping-taxable","product-type-simple"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product\/1283","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/product"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1283"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1282"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1283"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"product_brand","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_brand?post=1283"},{"taxonomy":"product_cat","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_cat?post=1283"},{"taxonomy":"product_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/petroalton.ir\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/product_tag?post=1283"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}